The robot carries a row of light sensors across its front. From their readings it estimates where the black line lies relative to ...

It is a common situation in electronics to have a control loop, that is some sort of feedback that drives the input to a system ...

// Vary the setpoint with the Pot, and watch the heater drive the temperature up //double Kp = 255, Ki = 0.05, Kd = 0; // works ...